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JURNAL BIOLOGI INDONESIA

jurnal_biologi_indonesia
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Published by Lembaga Ilmu Pengetahuan Indonesia

ISSN : 08544425 EISSN : 2338834X DOI : -

Core Subject : Science,

Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology

Arjuna Subject : -

Articles 18 Documents

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Search results for , issue "Vol 3, No 4 (2002): JURNAL BIOLOGI INDONESIA" : 18 Documents clear

Superoxide Dismutase Activity and Ethanol Respiration in a Fungi Resistance to Ethanol Monascus sp. MM Julistiono, Heddy; Suharna, Nandang; Desnora, Beni
JURNAL BIOLOGI INDONESIA Vol 3, No 4 (2002): JURNAL BIOLOGI INDONESIA
Publisher : Perhimpunan Biologi Indonesia

ABSTRACTMonascus sp. MM was a contaminant fungus isolated from museum specimenpreserved with ethanol 70 %. In order to verify role of superoxide dismutase (SOD) inprotecting cell from ethanol toxicity during ethanol metabolism, SOD activities of Monascussp.MM and a Monmcus sp. NGK, which was isolated fiom fermented red rice (angkak), werecompared. When fungus was grown with glucose, CuIZn-SOD activity of Monascus sp., MMwas 7.1 times of thht of Monascus sp. NGK. Whereas in ethanol medium, CuIZn-SOD activityof Monarcus sp. MM was 24.6 times of that in Monascus sp. NGK. Induction of CuIZn-SODMonmcus sp. MM by ethanol was not observed. Compared with Mn-SOD, activity of CuIZn-SOD was markedly important (I 0 times of Mn-SOD when fungi grown with ethanol; 12 timeswhen the fungi grown with glucose). The data indicated that Cu/Zn-SOD might play animportant role in protecting cell fiom ethanol toxicity during ethanol metabolism. Ethanolrespiration rate of Monascus sp. MM was also important since O2 consumption and ethanoldegradation rates were clearly higher than that of Monascus sp. NGK.Keywords: Monarcw sp., superoxide dismutase, respiration, ethanol resistance.

Ragam Aktivitas Urease dan Fosfomonoesterase serta Perannya dalam Ketersediaan Nutrisi N dan P pada Tanah Kebun Biologi Wamena Rahmansyah, Maman; Latupapua, H.J.D.; Sudiana, I Made
JURNAL BIOLOGI INDONESIA Vol 3, No 4 (2002): JURNAL BIOLOGI INDONESIA
Publisher : Perhimpunan Biologi Indonesia

ABSTRACTDiscrepancy of urease and phosphomonoesterase activities and its role in establishing Nand P nutrition in soil collected from Wamena Biological Research Station. Microbialactivities in soil lead to know for establishing soil nutrient status. Accordingly, soil collectedfrom Biological Research Station in Wamena then sent to the laboratory and determined on itsenzymatic activities and the physicochemical, as well. In this work, the enzymatic activities ofurease and phosphomonoesterase were examined in relation with soil microbial respiration, inorder to understand the mineralization of nitrogenous and phosphorus compound in soil. Soilrespiration rate (2.43-3.21 mg C02 g-dm12hour) designated variation in each sample, as wellas urease (8.6-23.5 unit/g soil) and phosphomonoesterase (5.5-7.9 unit/g soil) activities.Phosphomonoesterase activity showed strong correlation with respiration rate within soil; andreveal to the configuration of the bioactivities and physicochemical soil figures concluded thatthe B sample has the poor fertility. The phenomenon of data fulfill that bioactivities hadcorrelation with the physicochemical compound in the soil.Keywords: respiration, urease, phosphomonoesterase, Wamena Biological Research Station.

Aktivitas Perilaku Makan Kukang Sumatera (Nycicebus coucang coucang) pada Malam Hari di Penangkaran Semiadi, Gono; Tjakradidjaja, Anita S.; Diapari, Didid
JURNAL BIOLOGI INDONESIA Vol 3, No 4 (2002): JURNAL BIOLOGI INDONESIA
Publisher : Perhimpunan Biologi Indonesia

ABSTRACTFeeding Behaviour Activity of Slow Loris (Nycicebus coucang coucang) at Night inCaptivity. Slow loris (Nycticebus coucang) is an endangered tropical primate, with itsdistribution in Indonesia stretch from Java, Sumatra to Kalimantan islands. Population declineare mainly due to habitat destruction, competition in feed and space and live capture to be soldas pet animals. One of the strategies to conserve the species is through captive breedingprogram (ex situ). Understanding the behaviour of slow loris in captivity, especially theirfeeding behaviour, will provide valuable information for obtaining maximal management. Thestudy was conducted at Mammals Captive Breeding, Pusat Penelitian Biologi-LIP1 in Bogor,for three months. Three adults slow loris consisting of two males and one female, were placedin individual cages and observed their nighttime feeding behaviour. Feeds that were givenconsisted of banana, marquise, guava, coconut, papaya, sweet corn, bread and quail eggs. Onezero sampling method was used in the observation with fifteen minutes interval. The resultsshowed that night feeding activity took place 12.44% of the total activities, with the highestactivity took place between 18.00-19.00 WIB as much as 6,1%. Drinking activity took placeonly 0,21% of the total activities, with defecation and urination activities were noted only3,84% and 2,73%, respectively. Others activities, such as locomotion, grooming and restingwere 14,59%, 58,08% and 8,12%, respectively, of the total activities.Keywords : Slow loris, Nycticebus coucang, captive breeding, behaviour, activities

Kecernaan dan Efisiensi Pakan pada Oposum Layang (Petaurus breviceps) di Penangkaran Farida, W. R.; Sulistyowati, Sulistyowati; Sigit, N.; Pratas, R. G.
JURNAL BIOLOGI INDONESIA Vol 3, No 4 (2002): JURNAL BIOLOGI INDONESIA
Publisher : Perhimpunan Biologi Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14203/jbi.v3i4.3390

ABSTRACTDigestibility and Feed Emciency of Flying Squirrel (Petaurus breviceps) in Captivity.Two male flying squirrel (Petaurus breviceps) were used in this experiment to observe feedintake, digestibility and feed efficiency of them. The animals were given alternative diets incaptivity, namely passion fruit, sweet corn, banana, guava, papaya, coconut, sun flower bean,bread, and dogfood. The result showed that average intake of ash, crude protein, ether extract,crude fiber, nitrogen free extract, and gross energy were 2.4%, 2.3%, 9.3%, 6.0%, 69.9%, and4.0 kkallg respectively. The nutrient digestibility coefficient ash, crude protein, ether extract,crude fiber, and nitrogen free extract were 33.6%, 73.5%, 96.2%, 60.9%, and 95,5%respectively. Average body weight gain is 0.35 g/head/week and feed efficiency is 0,4%. Thepreferred feed is bread (58%), sweet corn (l2%), and coconut (1 1 %).Key words: Digestibility, consumption, feed efficiency, Petaurus breviceps

Efektivitas Asosiasi Inokulan Campuran Bakteri Rhizosfer dengan Tanaman Jagung Varietas Srikandi pads Tanah Latosol Lampung Gandanegara, S.; Sugoro, I.; Slamet, S.
JURNAL BIOLOGI INDONESIA Vol 3, No 4 (2002): JURNAL BIOLOGI INDONESIA
Publisher : Perhimpunan Biologi Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14203/jbi.v3i4.3322

ABSTRACTThe Effectiveness of Rhizospheric Bacteria Mix Inoculant Associated with Maizein Latosol Lampuog Soil. Two greenhouse experiments were carried out to evaluate theeffectiveness of Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria (PGPR) ino-culants on plant growthof maize. In the first experiments, eleven single isolates were screened for associationeffectiveness with maize. Inoculation improved plant perfomance by increasing roots, shootsand total plant dry weight. Five isolates with the increase of plant dry weight ranging from 27-47% over control were then selected for mixed inoculants. In the second experiment, tenmixed inoculants consisted of 3 single isolates were evaluated on plant growth, N plant yield,and N derived from fertilizer and contribution from fixation. The later parameter was.determined by "N method. Three mixed inoculants namely M5, M8, and M9 showed highereffectiveness with the increase of plant weight 27-29% over control. Plant N yield of plantsinoculated with those mixed inoculants were 176-194 mg N/pot as compared to 144 mg Nlpotin control plants. Lower %eIx cess atom % in inoculated plants indicated some Ncontribution from fixation which ranged from 1 5 -2 1 %.Key words : mixed inoculants, % method, maize, latosol

Tingkat Kesamaan Tanaman Nilam Hasil Fusi Protoplas Berdasarkan Morfologi dan Anatomi Daun Haryudin, Wawan; Syukur, Cheppy; Nuryani, Yang
JURNAL BIOLOGI INDONESIA Vol 3, No 4 (2002): JURNAL BIOLOGI INDONESIA
Publisher : Perhimpunan Biologi Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14203/jbi.v3i4.3391

ABSTRACTSimilarity Level of Patchouli oil from Protoplast Fusion based on Morphology andAnatomy Leaves. Protoplast fusion between Aceh patchouli (Pogostenton cablin Benth)Tapak Tuan 75 clone and java patchouli (Pogostemon heyneanus Benth) Girilaya clone gonegenotypes variation. The aim of this experiment was to examine the similarities ofmorphology and anatomy of leaves. The experiment was inducted at laboratory and greenhouse of the Indonesian Spice and Medicinal Crops Research Institute from February to July2001. The parameters observed were the number of leaves length, leaves width and leafthickness, the number of oil cell, stomata and trachoma index. Analysis cluster was used toanalysis the data with single linkage method and Euclidean distance concept. The resultshowed that the leaves length, width, and thickness have close similarity with Tapak Tuan 75.The similarity level of genotype from protoplast fusion was 62.68 to 83.27, the parent TapakTuan 75 was 61.53 and the parent Girilaya 58.69. The highest numbers of oil cell was showedby clone 9 I1 4 (10.55) and the lowest was clone ( IV 14 (2.93).Key words: Pogostemon sp., similarity, protoplast fusion, morphology, anatomy, leaves.

Karakteristik Fisiologis Enzim Nitril Hidratase dan Amidase dalam Sel Corynebacteriurn sp. D5 Sulistinah, Nunik; Kaban, Joseva Sudiati; Sunarko, Bambang
JURNAL BIOLOGI INDONESIA Vol 3, No 4 (2002): JURNAL BIOLOGI INDONESIA
Publisher : Perhimpunan Biologi Indonesia

ABSTRACTPhysiological Characteristics of Nitrile-Hydratase and Amidase From Corynebacteriumsp. D5. Nitrile hydratase (NH-ase) of Corynebacterium sp. D5 is inductive enzyme, butamidase is constitutive enzyme.The best inducer for Nitril hydratase is 2% (vlv) acetonitrille.Nitril hydratase and amidase enzymes showed to be capable of degrading low moleculeweight of aliphatic nitriles and amides. The optimum condition of NH-ase ofCorynebacteriurn sp. D5 were found out at pH 6,6 and 30Â°C while amidase at pH 7,2 & 50 Crespectively. The inhibitor of both enzymes seemed to be ~ gand H~*Key words : Nitrile hydratase, bioconversion, Corynebacterium sp. D5, amidase, acetonitrile,aliphatic nitrile

Pengaruh Radiasi Sinar Gamma dan Asam Fusarat untuk Meningkatkan Ketahanan Abaka (Musa textilis Nee) terhadap Fasariurn oxysporum Damayanti, Fitri; Suharsono, Suharsono; Mariska, Ika
JURNAL BIOLOGI INDONESIA Vol 3, No 4 (2002): JURNAL BIOLOGI INDONESIA
Publisher : Perhimpunan Biologi Indonesia

ABSTRACTEffect of gamma radiation and fusaric acid for resistance to wild Fusarium disease onabaca plant (Mum textillis Nee). The problem in abaca production is wilt disease infectioncaused by Fusarium oxysporzim. The resistant variety against the pathogen has not beenavailable yet. The disease resistance character of the species might be improved throughsomaclonal variation and in vitro selection. Different pure toxin of fusaric acid concentration(0, 15,30,45,60, and 75 mg/l) was used as component selection to get new hope numbers ofresistant abaca to wilt Fusarium disease through in vitro selection. Concentration of 45 mgllfusaric acid is lethal for abaca, so we used this concentration as dose of selection to selectshoots from irradiated calli. Gamma irradiation was used as mutagent to increase somaclonalvariation on abaca. Six levels of gamma-ray radiation (0, 0.5, 1, 2, and 3 Krad) were appliedto embriogenic calli. Increasing dose of radiation decreased the viability of calli. LDso wasfound between 1-1.5 Krad of radiation dose. In vitro selection was carried out in two stages.The concentration of selection of hsaric acid in stage I1 was increased one level to theconcentration in stage 1. Stage I selection of shoots from irradiated calli on mediumcontaining pure toxin 45 mg/l fusaric acid, showed that the survival capacity decreasing withthe increasing doses of gamma irradiation. In stage 11, shoots from irradiated calli (at 0.5 and1 Krad) could survive on medium containing 60 mg/l fusaric acid. In medium selectioncontaining 50% filtrate F. oxysporum, fusaric acid resistant shoots were also filtrate resistant.There was a correlation between in vitro fusaric acid and filtrate of F. oxysporum resistantplant and conidia suspension of F. oxysporum resistkt plant in the greenhouse.Keywords: Gamma radiation, in vitro selection, fusaric acid, Musa textilis, Fusariumoxysporum

Keanekaragaman Fauna Ikan di Kawasan DAS Hulu Tabalong, ~abupatenT abalong, Kalimantan Selatan Tjakrawidjaja, Agus H.
JURNAL BIOLOGI INDONESIA Vol 3, No 4 (2002): JURNAL BIOLOGI INDONESIA
Publisher : Perhimpunan Biologi Indonesia

ABSTRACTFish Fauna Diversity of upper Tabalong basin area, Tabalong District, SouthKalimantan. A survey was done to examine the freshwater fish fauna of the upper Tabalongarea, with emphasis on the PT. AYI production forest area, Tabalong District, SouthKalimantan Province. Field work done 13 - 28 June 2001. Fish were sampled at 26 sites inupper Tabalong, within the Tabalong Kiwa catchment above Panaan, on the Lou tributary ofthe Kumap River, and on the Ayu tributary of the Tabalong Kanan river. Sampling was doneusing a variety of methods including siene net, cast net, and gill net, hook and line, rotenoneand electrical shock 120 volt. A total of 93 fish species were recorded, in 34 genera and 11families. The fish fauna of upper Tabalong is typical of that in rivers systems in Kalimantan,in that is dominated by Cyprinidae family 45 species (48.4%) in 18 genera, 28 species(30.1%) in five genera of which are in the Balitoridae, five species (5.4%) in two genera ofMastacembelidae, four Species (4.3%) in two genera of Bagridae, Sisoridae, Channidae andTetraodontidae each three Species (3.2%) in one genera, two (2.1%) in two genera ofCobitidae, and the end Clariidae, Synbranchidae and Osphronemidae each one species (1.1%)in one genera. Five species of fish are new record of distrbution to Borneo, one species maybe New species (in process).Keywords: Diversity, fish, species, abundance, Tabalong, Kalimantan Selatan

SUPEROXIDE DISMUTASE ACTIVITY AND ETHANOL RESPIRATION IN A FUNGI RESISTANCE TO ETHANOL MONASCUS SP. MM Julistiono, Heddy; Suharna, Nandang; Desnora, Beni
JURNAL BIOLOGI INDONESIA Vol 3, No 4 (2002): JURNAL BIOLOGI INDONESIA
Publisher : Perhimpunan Biologi Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14203/jbi.v3i4.3319

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